What is method overloading in Python?

Like other languages (for example, method overloading in C++) do, python does not support method overloading by default. But there are different ways to achieve method overloading in Python. 

Method overloading is a programming concept that allows a programmer to define multiple methods with the same name in a class, but with different input parameters or argument types. The implementation of this feature in Python is different from other languages like Java or C++, where method overloading is a built-in feature.

In Python, we can simulate method overloading using optional or default arguments. For example, if we want to create a method that can add two numbers, we can define a method with two parameters like def add_numbers(a, b). However, if we want to add more than two numbers, we can define another method with a variable number of arguments, such as def add_numbers(*args).

The asterisk (*) before the parameter name indicates that it can take an arbitrary number of arguments. In this case, we can call the method with any number of arguments, and Python will automatically pack them into a tuple.

Another way to simulate method overloading in Python is to use type annotations. We can define multiple methods with the same name, but with different parameter types using type annotations. Python will check the parameter types at runtime and call the appropriate method based on the argument types.

Overall, method overloading in Python is a useful technique for creating flexible and reusable code that can handle different types of input parameters.

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