Given two variables x and y, write a Python program to exchange their values. Let's look at different ways to perform this task in Python.
Method 1: Using Naive approach
The most naive approach is to store the value of one variable(say x) in a temporary variable, then assigning the variable x with the value of variable y. Finally, assign the variable y with the value of the temporary variable.
# Python program to demonstrate # swapping of two variables x = 10 y = 50 # Swapping of two variables # Using third variable temp = x x = y y = temp print("Value of x:", x) print("Value of y:", y)
Output
Value of x: 50 Value of y: 10
Method 2: Using comma operator
Using the comma operator the value of variables can be swapped without using a third variable
# Python program to demonstrate # swapping of two variables x = 10 y = 50 # Swapping of two variables # without using third variable x, y = y, x print("Value of x:", x) print("Value of y:", y)
Output
Value of x: 50 Value of y: 10
Method 3: Using XOR
The bitwise XOR operator can be used to swap two variables. The XOR of two numbers x and y returns a number which has all the bits as 1 wherever bits of x and y differ. For example XOR of 10 (In Binary 1010) and 5 (In Binary 0101) is 1111 and XOR of 7 (0111) and 5 (0101) is (0010).
# Python program to demonstrate # Swapping of two variables x = 10 y = 50 # Swapping using xor x = x ^ y y = x ^ y x = x ^ y print("Value of x:", x) print("Value of y:", y)
Output
Value of x: 50 Value of y: 10
Method 4:
Using arithmetic operators we can perform swapping in two ways.
The idea is to get sum in one of the two given numbers. The numbers can then be swapped using the sum and subtraction from sum.
# Python program to demonstrate # swapping of two variables x = 10 y = 50 # Swapping of two variables # using arithmetic operations x = x + y y = x - y x = x - y print("Value of x:", x) print("Value of y:", y)
Output
Value of x: 50 Value of y: 10
The idea is to get multiplication of the two given numbers. The numbers can then be calculated by using the division.
# Python program to demonstrate # swapping of two variables x = 10 y = 50 # Swapping of two numbers # Using multiplication operator x = x * y y = x / y x = x / y print("Value of x : ", x) print("Value of y : ", y)
Output
Value of x : 50.0 Value of y : 10.0
Method 5: using Bitwise addition and subtraction for swapping.
#Python program to demonstrate #swapping of two numbers a = 5 b = 1 a = (a & b) + (a | b) b = a + (~b) + 1 a = a + (~b) + 1 print("a after swapping: ", a) print("b after swapping: ", b)
Output
a after swapping: 1 b after swapping: 5
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